Occupational smoke exposure may modify the expression of respiratory tract proteoma

Neves, Sofia; Pacheco, Solange; Vaz, Fatima; Torres, Vukosava Milic; James, Peter; Simões, Tânia; Penque, Deborah

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/6439

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Authors

Neves, Sofia

Pacheco, Solange

Vaz, Fatima

Torres, Vukosava Milic

James, Peter

Simões, Tânia

Penque, Deborah

Abstract(s)

Question: Tobacco is one of the biggest public health threats. Smoking kills more than 7 million people/year worldwide and more than 890,000 of deaths resulted from exposure to Second Hand Smoke (SHS). SHS is associated to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, including coronary heart disease and lung cancer, through pathological and molecular mechanisms not yet understood. In Portugal, the partial tobacco smoking ban legislation in public venues allows smoking in restaurants with designed rooms larger than 100m2. We aimed to investigate the SHS effects on the respiratory tract proteome from exposed workers. Methods: Nasal epithelia was collected from hospitality workers (non-smokers=40; smokers=12), long-term exposed and non-exposed to SHS at the workplace. All subjects were healthy with normal spirometry values (FVE1/FVC <70%) for pulmonary diseases. Non-smokers exposed presented higher levels of urinary cotinine after working, confirming SHS exposure. Samples were analyzed by shotgun proteomics using ESI-LQT Orbitrap XL MS and the generated MS raw data by the PatternLab for Proteomics. Proteins were investigated by DAVIDv6.8 and Reactome Pathway databases. Results: Two proteins were found to be differentially expressed in the nonsmokers exposed to SHS compared with control: Heat shock Protein Beta-1 (HSPB1) and BPI fold-containing family A member 1 (BPIFA1). HSPB1 plays a role in the stress resistance and actin organization and BPIFA1 is involved in the airway inflammatory response after exposure to irritants by attracting macrophages and neutrophils, and it is also associated with tumor progression. Conclusions: In health non-smokers, prolonged exposure to SHS can lead to respiratory tract proteome modulation associated with airway inflammatory/stress response to toxic substances. When validated, the uncovered proteins can be promising candidate biomarkers of exposure/effect for clinical assessment of workers occupationally exposed to SHS.