Best practice guidelines for the molecular genetic diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young

Ellard, S.; Bellanné-Chantelot, C.; Hattersley, A.T.; European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) MODY group

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/314

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Authors

Ellard, S.

Bellanné-Chantelot, C.

Hattersley, A.T.

European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) MODY group

Abstract(s)

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Mutations in the GCK and HNF1A genes are the most common cause of the monogenic forms of diabetes known as 'maturity-onset diabetes of the young'. GCK encodes the glucokinase enzyme, which acts as the pancreatic glucose sensor, and mutations result in stable, mild fasting hyperglycaemia. A progressive insulin secretory defect is seen in patients with mutations in the HNF1A and HNF4A genes encoding the transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha and -4 alpha. A molecular genetic diagnosis often changes management, since patients with GCK mutations rarely require pharmacological treatment and HNF1A/4A mutation carriers are sensitive to sulfonylureas. These monogenic forms of diabetes are often misdiagnosed as type 1 or 2 diabetes. Best practice guidelines for genetic testing were developed to guide testing and reporting of results.