Browsing by Author "Santos, Osvaldo"
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- Addictive behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a nationwide study in PortugalPublication . Virgolino, Ana; Santos, Osvaldo; Fialho, Mónica; Heitor, Maria João; Costa, Alexandra; Rasga, Célia; Martiniano, Hugo; Costa, Joana; Vicente, Astrid; Caldas de Almeida, TeresaEvidence shows that individuals can engage in maladaptive behaviours as a response to a pandemic context, which can compromise their health and wellbeing. This project aims to characterize self-reported changes in addiction-related behaviours and associated factors in the adult population during the first COVID-19 lockdown, in Portugal.
- D5.1 B1MG maturity level model and country-specific alignment within the modelPublication . Costa, Alexandra; Cardoso, Maria Luís; Konopko, Melissa; Sitja, Xènia Pérez; Lopes, Maria de Fátima; Merchant, Arshiya; Santos, Osvaldo; Bourbon, Mafalda; Custers, Ilse; Scollen, Serena; Vicente, AstridNo âmbito do projeto B1MG, WP5, o INSA coordenou o desenvolvimento, validação e teste em sistemas reais, de um modelo de maturidade que se pretende como uma ferramenta de suporte à implementação da genómica na pratica clinica nos sistemas de saúde. Este documento, que constitui o deliverable 5.1 do projeto B1MG, descreve o contexto, metodologia e resultados desta tarefa.
- Depressão e ansiedade na população geral e em profissionais de saúde no decurso da pandemia em Portugal - Estudo Transversal e LongitudinalPublication . Virgolino, Ana; Caldas de Almeida, Teresa; Heitor, Maria João; Santos, Osvaldo; Fialho, Mónica; Costa, Alexandra; Rasga, Célia; Martiniano, Hugo; Vicente, AstridObjetivos: Caracterizar indicadores de saúde mental e bem-estar psicológico da população adulta residente em Portugal e dos profissionais de saúde; Identificar fatores modificáveis de proteção e de eventual risco acrescido relativamente à saúde mental e bemestar psicológico
- Desenvolvimento e ensaio de um novo instrumento de avaliação do consumo alimentar de crianças portuguesas em idade escolarPublication . Carvalho, Maria Ana; Rito, Ana Isabel; Santos, Osvaldo; Pereira Miguel, JoséIntrodução: A alimentação e nutrição representam dois determinantes primários de algumas doenças não transmissíveis (NCDs), nomeadamente obesidade, diabetes, doenças cardiovasculares e cancro. A obesidade, designadamente em idade infantil, destaca-se como um dos mais sérios desafios de saúde pública do século XXI. De forma a prevenir estas NCDs, é necessário desenvolver e implementar políticas e estratégias alimentares e nutricionais, nomeadamente, através de uma rede de vigilância. Em Portugal, os mecanismos de monitorização do consumo alimentar infantil, não estão implementados. Objectivo: Construir, validar e ensaiar um novo instrumento de avaliação do consumo alimentar de crianças portuguesas em idade escolar que permita a monitorização sistemática do consumo alimentar nesta faixa etária. Métodos: Encontra-se em construção um questionário online às últimas 24 horas, de auto-preenchimento, dirigido a crianças portuguesas dos 7 aos 10 anos de idade. O projecto de investigação compreende as seguintes fases de desenvolvimento: I) Construção de um instrumento de avaliação do consumo alimentar de crianças portuguesas dos 7-10 anos de idade e estudo das suas propriedades psicométricas (testes de validade e fiabilidade) e II) Ensaio piloto de avaliação do consumo alimentar de crianças portuguesas dos 7-10 anos de idade, através do instrumento desenvolvido previamente (o instrumento deverá ser aplicado durante dois dias da semana, uma vez que a informação referente a apenas um dia da semana não é representativa da ingestão habitual da criança). Resultados esperados: Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta válida, fiável, simples e ao mesmo tempo atractiva para as crianças portuguesas em idade escolar, que permita recolher informação detalhada sobre a qualidade e quantidade dos alimentos ingeridos, assim como estimar a ingestão energética e nutricional destas crianças. Conclusão: O desenvolvimento deste novo instrumento de avaliação permitirá a monitorização do consumo alimentar das crianças portuguesas em idade escolar, de forma sistemática, que facilitará o planeamento de políticas alimentares, o desenvolvimento de medidas no âmbito da educação alimentar, e o planeamento futuro de investigação analítica.
- Development of a new computer program to assess food consumption in Portuguese school-age children: a qualitative approach for identifying food itemsPublication . Carvalho, Maria Ana; Santos, Osvaldo; Rito, Ana Isabel; Pereira Miguel, JoséIntroduction: Food and nutrition are important determinants of non-communicable diseases such as childhood obesity. Understanding how to prevent this major public health problem remains a research question and the design of potentially effective interventions is hampered by the general lack of good-quality data. There is no validated method available to assess food and nutrition intake in school age Portuguese children. A new engaging method for assessing food and nutrition intake of school age Portuguese children (7-10 years old) is currently being developed, based on a self-administered computerized 24-Hour Recall questionnaire. The purpose of this study was to select and identify questionnaire food items through a qualitative approach. Methods: 21 Focus Group were conducted in seven primary schools from the seven geographic regions of Portugal. The focus group were homogeneous for age (7 years, n=70; 8 years, n= 61; 9 years; n=73) and area of residence but heterogeneous for sex, social-economic and nutritional status. Children participated in focus group after parent’s written informed consent and school authorization. The focus group were moderated by Nutritionists and/or Psychologists. Topics for discussion were: (a) food consumption on the previous day; (b) problems regarding to the reporting consumption on the previous day; (c) comprehension of some food items; (d) food preferences. Focus group were audio-recorded and transcribed. The content analysis followed a thematic coding process. Results: Main meals, such as breakfast, lunch and dinner were generally easier to remember than secondary meals such as snacks. Children tended to underreport the consumption of candies (either due to social desirability or to recall bias) and seem to remind better the consumption of this type of foods when there was a recall link between previous-day activities and food exposure/consumption. Overall, 4172 food items were identified and grouped into the following groups: 1) Grains (1147), 2) Diary (631), 3) Meat/seafood/eggs (578), 4) Drinks (451), 5) Vegetables (383), 6) Fruits (308), 7) Fats (150), 8) Beans and peas (25) and 9) Others (499). Regarding to drinks, 61.4% of the items correspond to soft drinks. Conclusion: This study proved the utility of the focus group methodology to obtain qualitative data about dietary intakes of children in the immediate past (24 hours). The identified items included both items that were part of previous checklists from other countries and many new items that are local-context specific. This pool of items will be used for building up the self-administered computerized 24-Hour Recall questionnaire.
- Distress among healthcare professionals during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic in PortugalPublication . Costa, Alexandra; Fialho, Mónica; Rasga, Célia; Martiniano, Hugo; Santos, Osvaldo; Virgolino, Ana; Vicente, Astrid; Heitor, Maria JoãoThe COVID-19 pandemic increased existing psychosocial risk factors among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Integrated into a wider project, the main objective of this study was to characterize Portuguese HCPs mental health (MH), estimate the percentage of symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and burnout, and identify risk and protective factors. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey and a longitudinal assessment were conducted in 2020 (T0) and 2021 (T1). Sociodemographic and occupational variables, as well as protection behaviors and pandemic-context data were collected from a large non-probabilistic sample of HCPs in Portugal. MH outcomes were assessed using instruments with sound psychometric properties. Risk and protective factors were evaluated through simple and multiple logistic regression models. Results: A total of 2027 HCPs participated in the survey in T0; 1843 in T1. Despite the percentage of moderate to severe symptoms had decreased from T0 to T1: 26.1% and 23.3% for anxiety (T0 and T1, respectively; p = 0.028), 25.3% and 23.7% for depression, 22.7% and 19.1% for PTSD (p = 0.003), and 29.8% to 29.5% for burnout, a considerable proportion of HCPs reported symptoms of distress in both years. Being a woman, working in a COVID-19-treatment frontline position and the perception of work-life imbalance increased the odds of distress (in both T0 and T1), whilst high resilience, good social/family support, and hobbies/lifestyle maintenance were found to be MH protective factors. Conclusions: The longitudinal approach of our study allowed following-up changes in HCPs mental health and show that performing as an HCP during the pandemic may result in long-term effects on MH. Our results also provide evidence to support interventions targeting gender and professional sub-groups. Further studies are needed to understand the potential long-lasting psychological burden related to COVID-19 among HCPs.
- Healthcare professionals’ psychological distress, risk and protective mental health factors after two years of COVID-19 pandemic in PortugalPublication . Costa, Alexandra; Almeida, Teresa Caldas de; Fialho, Mónica; Rasga, Célia; Martiniano, Hugo; Santos, Osvaldo; Virgolino, Ana; Vicente, Astrid; Heitor, Maria JoãoThe COVID-19 pandemic increased psychosocial riskfactors among healthcare professionals (HCP). The main objective was to characterize Portuguese HCP’s mental health (MH) outcomes, estimating the percentage of symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout, and identifying risk and protective factors.
- Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in PortugalPublication . Santos, Osvaldo; Virgolino, Ana; Heitor, Maria João; Fialho, Mónica; Costa, Alexandra; Rasga, Célia; Martiniano, Hugo; Costa, Joana; Vicente, Astrid; Caldas de Almeida, TeresaMental health is being impacted by COVID-19, as a result of both the globalized perception of health risk and the massive social and economic measures, required to control the pandemic. A main goal of this study, the SM-COVID19, was to characterize the mental health of the general population and to identify vulnerable groups, during the first lockdown in Portugal.
- Mental Health in times of COVID-19: Policy BriefPublication . Costa, Alexandra; Heitor, Maria João; Santos, Osvaldo; Rasga, Célia; Martiniano, Hugo; Virgolino, Ana; Fialho, Mónica; Vicente, Astrid; Caldas de Almeida, TeresaThe COVID-19 pandemic caused profound disruptive changes worldwide. Mental health (MH) and wellbeing (WB) have been particularly affected, namely with increased levels of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and burnout symptoms. Several factors can have contributed to individuals’ vulnerability, including perceived uncertainty, the strict measures adopted, the socioeconomic hardship and the direct effects of the virus. Although the pandemic is primarily a public health and a socioeconomic crisis, it could turn into a serious MH crisis with all the associated implications.
- Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals: Two Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic in PortugalPublication . Costa, Alexandra; Caldas de Almeida, Teresa; Fialho, Mónica; Rasga, Célia; Martiniano, Hugo; Santos, Osvaldo; Virgolino, Ana; Moura Vicente, Astrid; Heitor, Maria JoãoThe COVID-19 pandemic increased psychosocial risk factors among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Objective: To characterize Portuguese HCPs mental health (MH), estimate anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout symptoms, and identify risk/protective factors. A cross-sectional online survey and a longitudinal assessment were conducted in 2020 (T0) and 2021 (T1). Sociodemographic and occupational variables, COVID-19-related experiences and protective behavior data were collected from a non-probabilistic sample of HCPs in Portugal. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD, burnout and resilience were assessed using the Portuguese versions of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), the Shirom–Melamed Burnout Measure (MBSM) and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), respectively. Risk and protective factors were identified through simple and multiple logistic regression models. Overall, 2027 participants answered the survey in T0 and 1843 in T1. The percentage of moderate-to-severe symptoms decreased from T0 to T1; however, a considerable proportion of HCPs reported symptoms of distress in both years. Being a woman, working in a COVID-19-treatment frontline position and work–life balance increased the odds of distress. High resilience, good social/family support, and hobbies/lifestyle maintenance were found to be protective factors. Globally, our results show that performing as a HCP during the pandemic may result in long-term effects on MH.