Browsing by Author "Rocha, M."
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- Development of RNA based approaches to exploit alternative therapies for Lysosomal Storage DiseasesPublication . Matos, L.; Santos, J.I.; Rocha, M.; Coutinho, M.F.; Gaspar, P.; Voltolini Velho, R.; Braulke, T.; Prata, M.J.; Alves, S.Treatment strategies such enzyme-replacement therapy and substrate reduction, among others, are available for some Lysosomal Storage Diseases, yet still with some limitations. In recent years, the RNA molecule became one of the most promising targets for therapeutic intervention and currently, a large number of RNA-based therapies are being investigated at the basic research level and in late-stage clinical trials. Actually, some of them are already approved for medical use (e.g. Spinal muscular atrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy). RNA-based approaches can act at pre-mRNA level (by splicing modulation/correction using antisense oligonucleotides or U1snRNA vectors), at mRNA level (inhibiting gene expression by siRNAs and antisense oligonucleotides) or at DNA level (by editing mutated sequences through the use of CRISPR/Cas). Currently, we are developing some of these therapeutic approaches for LSDs. Two main research lines are ongoing: one involves the use of antisense U1 snRNAs to overcome the effect of a splice site mutation causing Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC and the other is based on the use of splice switching oligonucleotides to induce the skipping and consequently circumvent the effects of the most common causal mutation in Mucolipidosis type II.
- The use of a modified U1 snRNA as a therapeutic strategy to correct a 5’ splice-site mutation in Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC: in vitro steps towards an in vivo approachPublication . Santos, J.I.; Matos, L.; Rocha, M.; Coutinho, M.F.; Prata, M.J.; Alves, S.Genetic therapy directed towards the correction of RNA missplicing is being investigated not only at basic research level but even in late-stage clinical trials. Many mutations that change the normal splicing pattern and lead to aberrant mRNA production have been identified in Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs). The Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC (MPS IIIC) is a LSD caused by mutations in the HGSNAT gene, encoding an enzyme involved in heparan sulphate degradation. Splicing mutations represent one of the most frequent (~20%) genetic defects in MPS IIIC. Approximately 55% corresponds to 5' splice-site mutations which thus constitute a good target for mutation specific therapeutic approaches. Recently, we demonstrated in fibroblast cells that a modified U1snRNA vector designed to improve the definition of exon 2 5’ss of the HGSNAT can restore splicing impaired by the mutation c.234+1G>A.(Matos et al., 2014). Presently our goal is to evaluate in vivo the therapeutic potential of the modified U1snRNA by testing it in mice expressing the human splicing defect. For this, in a first step we tried to generate full-length splicing competent constructs of wild-type (wt) and c.234+1G>A HGSNAT by cloning the wt or the mutated HGSNAT splicing-competent cassettes into the pcDNA 3.1 backbone. According to the protocol reported by other researchers (Pinotti et al., 2009), plasmid vectors will be used to promote transient expression of the human HGSNAT wt or mutant alleles in mice. Here, we describe the cloning process followed to obtain the aforementioned splicing constructs. During the cloning steps different difficulties were found as, for example, in fragments amplification, ligation, and obtainment of bacterial transformants. Even so, positive bacterial colonies were obtained, selected, and amplified by colony PCR. However, DNA sequencing data showed the presence of different nucleotide point alterations in the obtained clones, invalidating its use for further steps. Therefore, plasmid constructs were ordered commercially. Now we are performing its transfection in Hep3B/COS-7 cells to confirm that they recapitulate the splicing process observed in wt and patient cDNA being thus ready to be expressed in mice to test the therapeutic effect of the modified U1snRNA. This work shows the different steps and difficulties of the cloning process to obtain HGSNAT expression constructs towards testing of an in vivo U1snRNA therapeutic approach.
- The use of a modified U1 snRNA as a therapeutic strategy to correct a 5’ splice-site mutation in Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC: in vitro steps towards an in vivo approachPublication . Matos, L.; Santos, J.I.; Rocha, M.; Coutinho, M.F.; Prata, M.J.; Alves, S.Genetic therapy directed towards the correction of RNA missplicing is being investigated not only at basic research level but even in late-stage clinical trials. Many mutations that change the normal splicing pattern and lead to aberrant mRNA production have been identified in Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs). The Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC (MPS IIIC) is a LSD caused by mutations in the HGSNAT gene, encoding an enzyme involved in heparan sulphate degradation. Splicing mutations represent one of the most frequent (~20%) genetic defects in MPS IIIC. Approximately 55% corresponds to 5' splice-site mutations which thus constitute a good target for mutation specific therapeutic approaches. Recently, we demonstrated in fibroblast cells that a modified U1snRNA vector designed to improve the definition of exon 2 5’ss of the HGSNAT can restore splicing impaired by the mutation c.234+1G>A.(Matos et al., 2014). Presently our goal is to evaluate in vivo the therapeutic potential of the modified U1snRNA by testing it in mice expressing the human splicing defect. For this, in a first step we tried to generate full-length splicing competent constructs of wild-type (wt) and c.234+1G>A HGSNAT by cloning the wt or the mutated HGSNAT splicing-competent cassettes into the pcDNA 3.1 backbone. According to the protocol reported by other researchers (Pinotti et al., 2009), plasmid vectors will be used to promote transient expression of the human HGSNAT wt or mutant alleles in mice. Here, we describe the cloning process followed to obtain the aforementioned splicing constructs. During the cloning steps different difficulties were found as, for example, in fragments amplification, ligation, and obtainment of bacterial transformants. Even so, positive bacterial colonies were obtained, selected, and amplified by colony PCR. However, DNA sequencing data showed the presence of different nucleotide point alterations in the obtained clones, invalidating its use for further steps. Therefore, plasmid constructs were ordered commercially. Now we are performing its transfection in Hep3B/COS-7 cells to confirm that they recapitulate the splicing process observed in wt and patient cDNA being thus ready to be expressed in mice to test the therapeutic effect of the modified U1snRNA. This work shows the different steps and difficulties of the cloning process to obtain HGSNAT expression constructs towards testing of an in vivo U1snRNA therapeutic approach.