Browsing by Author "Moreira, Rodrigo"
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- Cell culture process. Virtual Lab videoPublication . Pinto, Fátima; Rolo, Dora; Vital, Nádia; Ventura, Célia; Moreira, Rodrigo; Cadete, João; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria JoãoCell Culture Process. Virtual Lab video.
- Clonogenic Assay. Virtual Lab videoPublication . Pinto, Fátima; Rolo, Dora; Vital, Nádia; Ventura, Célia; Moreira, Rodrigo; Cadete, João; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria JoãoClonogenic Assay. Virtual Lab video.
- Cytotoxicity MTT assay. Virtual Lab videoPublication . Pinto, Fátima; Rolo, Dora; Vital, Nádia; Ventura, Célia; Moreira, Rodrigo; Cadete, João; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria JoãoCytotoxicity MTT assay. Virtual Lab video.
- Exposição a substâncias químicas na indústria da gestão de resíduos elétricos e eletrónicos e seus potenciais efeitos na saúde dos trabalhadoresPublication . Moreira, Rodrigo; Tavares, Ana M.; Louro, Henriqueta; Ventura, Célia; Ladeira, Carina; Viegas, Susana; Silva, Maria JoãoOs resíduos de equipamento elétrico e eletrónico (REEE) são um problema crescente a nível global, sendo considerados um perigo para a saúde humana e ambiental devido à presença de uma variedade de substâncias nocivas, tais como poluentes orgânicos persistentes e metais pesados. Os trabalhadores envolvidos na gestão deste tipo de resíduos estão potencialmente expostos a estas substâncias, particularmente, durante as atividades de reciclagem e processamento. Esta revisão teve por objetivo recolher informação referente à exposição ocupacional a substâncias químicas no sector da gestão de REEE e aos seus potenciais efeitos na saúde dos trabalhadores. A consulta a duas bases de dados (PubMed e Scopus) seguida da aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão resultou na seleção de 14 estudos que foram sujeitos a uma análise mais detalhada. Os referidos estudos de biomonitorização ocupacional reportaram a exposição dos trabalhadores deste setor a vários metais pesados e compostos orgânicos. A análise de biomarcadores de efeito biológico precoce sugeriu, na maioria dos estudos, uma associação entre a exposição a este tipo de resíduos e alterações hormonais ou genotoxicidade em células sanguíneas. Os referidos efeitos, a confirmarem-se em estudos futuros, poderão traduzir-se a longo termo em patologias, tais como desregulação endócrina ou neoplasias. Em conclusão, embora os estudos revistos sugiram que trabalhar no sector de gestão de REEE representa um potencial risco para os trabalhadores, torna-se necessária a realização de mais estudos de biomonitorização humana, especialmente ao nível europeu, para gerar evidência sólida que apoie medidas de mitigação da exposição desses trabalhadores.
- Genotoxicity in peripheral blood leukocytes and reticulocytes of e-waste management workersPublication . Aimonen, K.; Silva, Maria João; Tavares, Ana; Moreira, Rodrigo; Louro, Henriqueta; Catalán, J.; Duca, R.; Godderis, L.; Mahiout, S.; Martins, C.; Martinsone, I.; Matisane, L.; Namorado, S.; Van Nieuwenhuyse, A.; Pinhal, Hermínia; Porras, S.; Remes, J.; Verdonck, J.; Viegas, S.; Scheepers, P.; Santonen, T.The European Commission has recently adopted a new Circular Economy Action Plan, which recognizes the critical role of material circulation in achieving sustainable development. The waste management sector will play a pivotal role in this, and an increase in the number of workers involved in waste recycling is expected. However, a recent multi-centric study conducted as part of the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) highlights potential occupational health risks associated with e-waste management. This study reports the exposure of e-waste workers from six European countries to metals and the early genotoxic effects from exposure to a wide array of toxic chemicals (and their mixtures) in the occupational environment. The results showed that e-waste workers are exposed to higher levels of hazardous metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and chromium (Cr) than controls. Significantly higher levels were detected in the post-shift urine and blood samples of different subcategories of e-waste workers. Especially the level of Pb was elevated in urine and blood samples among all worker categories, and the highest values were detected in battery recycling workers. Genotoxic effects were assessed by the micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes (MNPBL) and reticulocytes (MNRET). MNPBL were analyzed in 95 workers and 50 controls, and MNRET in 82 workers and 41 controls. While there were no statistically significant differences between all workers and controls, the subgroup of battery recycling workers showed significantly higher frequency of MNPBL than controls or other exposed subgroups such as workers handling white goods, metals and plastics or miscellaneous e-waste. The highest MNPBL and MNRET frequencies were observed in workers handling brown goods, but the difference to controls, or to the other worker categories, was not statistically significant. Post-shift urinary levels of studied metals did not show positive correlation with the micronucleus frequencies, which might be partially explained by the heterogeneity of activities considered and related exposure levels found. In addition to metals, the study also measured exposure to flame retardants, phthalates, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and, thereby, correlations between exposure to those compounds and effect biomarkers will be further explored. Overall, the study highlights the need to raise awareness of potential hazards and improve risk management measures in the e-waste management sector. The micronucleus results provide valuable new information on early biological effects from occupational exposures during e-waste management that also contribute to identifying worker groups that are at higher risk of adverse health effects.
- Occupational exposure to metals and PAHs: combining literature-based exposure and in vitro hazard data towards a mixture risk assessment a mixture risk assessmentPublication . Tavares, Ana Maria; Alves, Inês; Moreira, Rodrigo; Louro, Henriqueta; Ladeira, Carina; Viegas, Susana; Loureiro, Susana; Santonen, Tiina; Göen, Thomas; Kortenkamp, Andrew; Luijten, Mirjam; Silva, Maria JoãoThe environment within industrial settings is commonly characterized by the existence of a complex mixture of chemicals from different raw materials and transformation processes. Occupational co-exposure to chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) may occur in diverse workplaces, such as the aeronautic and waste management, (e.g incineration) sectors. Such co-exposure rais-es concern in terms of occupational health, as these substances are recognized lung carcinogens and mainly act by genotoxic mechanisms, increasing the likelihood of interactive toxic effects. The fact that cur-rent regulatory practices are usually focused on single chemical sub-stances, without integrating the possibility of combined or aggregated exposures and effects, may lead to a risk underestimation.In this work, developed under the scope of HBM4EU Initiative (https://www.hbm4eu.eu), a literature-based mixture risk assess-ment (MRA) exercise for occupational exposure to metals and PAHs was performed. In addition, in vitro toxicity data was obtained for the same mixtures to provide support to its hazard assessment.Human biomonitoring (HBM) data on Cr(VI), Ni and/or PAHs was extracted from occupational studies conducted in the European Un-ion and searched in literature databases. Selected reference values were used to calculate risk quotients (RQ) for each substance based on the retrieved exposure data; the combined risk was given by the sum of the RQ, i.e., the Background Exposure Exceedance Score(BEES).In parallel, we evaluated the combined cyto- and genotoxicity of the same chemicals (assessed by the MTT and micronucleus assays) in the human alveolar A549 cell line.In most of the analysed studies, we observed that BEES levels, estimated from the exposure to metals mixture or to metals and PAHs, exceeded RQ levels considered acceptable for the individual substances. Only two studies, conducted in hazard waste incinerator settings, presented urinary exposure levels for the three substances. They showed a value of BEES of concern (>1) for all exposure sce-narios, even for workers performing activities considered of low ex-posure or no-exposure, such as laboratory and administrative work-ers. In vitro assays supported that A549 cells exposure to these substances resulted in interactive cytotoxic and genotoxic effects that may underlie health effects different from those predicted from single exposures.Our findings show the limitations of applying occupational expo-sure reference values defined on a single substance basis to work-places where exposure to chemical mixtures occur, highlighting the relevance of performing MRA as a more realistic approach to guide suitable risk management measures in occupational settings
- Transepithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) measurement. Virtual Lab videoPublication . Rolo, Dora; Pinto, Fátima; Vital, Nádia; Ventura, Célia; Moreira, Rodrigo; Cadete, João; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria JoãoTransepithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) measurement. Virtual Lab video.