Browsing by Author "Kahlmeter, Gunnar"
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- Adaptation of Brucella melitensis Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing to the ISO 20776 Standard and Validation of the MethodPublication . Tscherne, A.; Mantel, E.; Boskani, T.; Budniak, S.; Elschner, M.; Fasanella, A.; Feruglio, S.L.; Galante, D.; Giske, C.G.; Grunow, Roland; Henczko, Judit; Hinz, Christin; Iwaniak, Wojciech; Jacob, Daniela; Kedrak-Jablonska, Agnieszka; Jensen, Veronica K.; Johansen, Tone B.; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Manzulli, Viviana; Matuschek, Erika; Melzer, Falk; Nuncio, Maria S.; Papaparaskevas, Joseph; Pelerito, Ana; Solheim, Margrete; Thomann, Susanne; Tsakris, Athanasios; Wahab, Tara; Weiner, Marcin; Zoeller, Lothar; Zange, Sabine; EMERGE AST Working GroupBrucellosis, mainly caused by Brucella (B.) melitensis, is associated with a risk of chronification and relapses. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) standards for B. melitensis are not available, and the agent is not yet listed in the EUCAST breakpoint tables. CLSI recommendations for B. melitensis exist, but they do not fulfill the requirements of the ISO 20776 standard regarding the culture medium and the incubation conditions. Under the third EU Health Programme, laboratories specializing in the diagnostics of highly pathogenic bacteria in their respective countries formed a working group within a Joint Action aiming to develop a suitable method for the AST of B. melitensis. Under the supervision of EUCAST representatives, this working group adapted the CLSI M45 document to the ISO 20776 standard after testing and validation. These adaptations included the comparison of various culture media, culture conditions and AST methods. A Standard Operation Procedure was derived and an interlaboratory validation was performed in order to evaluate the method. The results showed pros and cons for both of the two methods but also indicate that it is not necessary to abandon Mueller–Hinton without additives for the AST of B. melitensis.
- Strong correlation between the rates of intrinsically antibiotic-resistant species and the rates of acquired resistance in Gram-negative species causing bacteraemia, EU/EEA, 2016Publication . Jarlier, Vincent; Diaz Högberg, Liselotte; Heuer, Ole E.; Campos, José; Eckmanns, Tim; Giske, Christian G.; Grundmann, Hajo; Johnson, Alan P; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Monen, Jos; Pantosti, Annalisa; Rossolini, Gian Maria; van de Sande-Bruinsma, Nienke; Vatopoulos, Alkiviadis; Żabicka, Dorota; Žemličková, Helena; Monnet, Dominique L.; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; EARS-Net ParticipantsBackground: Antibiotic resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, is a major obstacle for treating bacterial infections.AimOur objective was to compare the country-specific species distribution of the four Gram-negative species Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species and the proportions of selected acquired resistance traits within these species.MethodWe used data reported for 2016 to the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) by 30 countries in the European Union and European Economic Area.ResultsThe country-specific species distribution varied considerably. While E. coli accounted for 31.9% to 81.0% (median: 69.0%) of all reported isolates, the two most common intrinsically resistant species P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. combined (PSEACI) accounted for 5.5% to 39.2% of isolates (median: 10.1%). Similarly, large national differences were noted for the percentages of acquired non-susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. There was a strong positive rank correlation between the country-specific percentages of PSEACI and the percentages of non-susceptibility to the above antibiotics in all four species (rho > 0.75 for 10 of the 11 pairs of variables tested).ConclusionCountries with the highest proportion of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. were also those where the rates of acquired non-susceptibility in all four studied species were highest. The differences are probably related to national differences in antibiotic consumption and infection prevention and control routines.