Percorrer por autor "Gross, Diane"
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- Excess all-cause and influenza-attributable mortality in Europe, December 2016 to February 2017Publication . Vestergaard, Lasse S; Nielsen, Jens; Krause, Tyra G; Espenhain, Laura; Tersago, Katrien; Bustos Sierra, Natalia; Denissov, Gleb; Innos, Kaire; Virtanen, Mikko J; Fouillet, Anne; Lytras, Theodore; Paldy, Anna; Bobvos, Janos; Domegan, Lisa; O’Donnell, Joan; Scortichini, Matteo; de Martino, Annamaria; England, Kathleen; Calleja, Neville; van Asten, Liselotte; Teirlinck, Anne C; Tønnessen, Ragnhild; White, Richard A; Silva, Susana Pereira; Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Larrauri, Amparo; Leon, Inmaculada; Farah, Ahmed; Junker, Christoph; Sinnathamby, Mary; Pebody, Richard G; Reynolds, Arlene; Bishop, Jennifer; Gross, Diane; Adlhoch, Cornelia; Penttinen, Pasi; Mølbak, KåreSince December 2016, excess all-cause mortality was observed in many European countries, especially among people aged ≥ 65 years. We estimated all-cause and influenza-attributable mortality in 19 European countries/regions. Excess mortality was primarily explained by circulation of influenza virus A(H3N2). Cold weather snaps contributed in some countries. The pattern was similar to the last major influenza A(H3N2) season in 2014/15 in Europe, although starting earlier in line with the early influenza season start.
- Revision of clinical case definitions: influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infectionPublication . Fitzner, Julia; Qasmieh, Saba; Mounts, Anthony Wayne; Alexander, Burmaa; Besselaar, Terry; Briand, Sylvie; Brown, Caroline; Clark, Seth; Dueger, Erica; Gross, Diane; Hauge, Siri; Hirve, Siddhivinayak; Jorgensen, Pernille; Katz, Mark A; Mafi, Ali; Malik, Mamunur; McCarron, Margaret; Meerhoff, Tamara; Mori, Yuichiro; Mott, Joshua; Olivera, Maria Teresa da Costa; Ortiz, Justin R; Palekar, Rakhee; Rebelo-de-Andrade, Helena; Soetens, Loes; Yahaya, Ali Ahmed; Zhang, Wenqing; Vandemaele, KatelijnThe formulation of accurate clinical case definitions is an integral part of an effective process of public health surveillance. Although such definitions should, ideally, be based on a standardized and fixed collection of defining criteria, they often require revision to reflect new knowledge of the condition involved and improvements in diagnostic testing. Optimal case definitions also need to have a balance of sensitivity and specificity that reflects their intended use. After the 2009-2010 H1N1 influenza pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) initiated a technical consultation on global influenza surveillance. This prompted improvements in the sensitivity and specificity of the case definition for influenza - i.e. a respiratory disease that lacks uniquely defining symptomology. The revision process not only modified the definition of influenza-like illness, to include a simplified list of the criteria shown to be most predictive of influenza infection, but also clarified the language used for the definition, to enhance interpretability. To capture severe cases of influenza that required hospitalization, a new case definition was also developed for severe acute respiratory infection in all age groups. The new definitions have been found to capture more cases without compromising specificity. Despite the challenge still posed in the clinical separation of influenza from other respiratory infections, the global use of the new WHO case definitions should help determine global trends in the characteristics and transmission of influenza viruses and the associated disease burden.
- The potential risks and impact of the start of the 2015-2016 influenza season in the WHO European Region: a rapid risk assessmentPublication . Tjon-Kon-Fat, Raïssa; Meerhoff, Tamara; Nikisins, Sergejs; Pires, João; Pereyaslov, Dmitriy; Gross, Diane; Brown, Caroline; WHO European Region Influenza NetworkBACKGROUND: Countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region are reporting more severe influenza activity in the 2015-2016 season compared to previous seasons. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a rapid risk assessment to provide interim information on the severity of the current influenza season METHODS: Using the WHO manual for rapid risk assessment of acute public health events and surveillance data available from Flu News Europe, an assessment of the current influenza season from 28 September 2015 (week 40/2015) up to 31 January 2016 (week 04/2016) was made compared with the 4 previous seasons. RESULTS: The current influenza season started around week 51/2015 with higher influenza activity reported in eastern Europe compared to Western Europe. There is a strong predominance of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 compared to previous seasons, but the virus is antigenically similar to the strain included in the seasonal influenza vaccine. Compared to the 2014/2015 season, there was a rapid increase in the number of severe cases in eastern European countries with the majority of such cases occurring among adults aged <65 years. CONCLUSIONS: The current influenza season is characterised by an early start in eastern European countries, with indications of a more severe season. Currently circulating influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses are similar antigenically to those included in the seasonal influenza vaccine and the vaccine is expected to be effective. Authorities should provide information to the public and health providers about the current influenza season, recommendations for treatment of severe disease and effective public health measures to prevent influenza transmission.