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Browsing by Author "Adetifa, Ifedayo"

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  • APOBEC3 deaminase editing in mpox virus as evidence for sustained human transmission since at least 2016
    Publication . O’Toole, Áine; Neher, Richard A.; Ndodo, Nnaemeka; Borges, Vitor; Gannon, Ben; Gomes, João Paulo; Groves, Natalie; King, David J.; Maloney, Daniel; Lemey, Philippe; Lewandowski, Kuiama; Loman, Nicholas; Myers, Richard; Omah, Ifeanyi F.; Suchard, Marc A.; Worobey, Michael; Chand, Meera; Ihekweazu, Chikwe; Ulaeto, David; Adetifa, Ifedayo; Rambaut, Andrew
    Historically, mpox has been characterized as an endemic zoonotic disease that transmits through contact with the reservoir rodent host in West and Central Africa. However, in May 2022, human cases of mpox were detected spreading internationally beyond countries with known endemic reservoirs. When the first cases from 2022 were sequenced, they shared 42 nucleotide differences from the closest mpox virus (MPXV) previously sampled. Nearly all these mutations are characteristic of the action of APOBEC3 deaminases, host enzymes with antiviral function. Assuming APOBEC3 editing is characteristic of human MPXV infection, we developed a dual-process phylogenetic molecular clock that-inferring a rate of ~6 APOBEC3 mutations per year-estimates that MPXV has been circulating in humans since 2016. These observations of sustained MPXV transmission present a fundamental shift to the perceived paradigm of MPXV epidemiology as a zoonosis and highlight the need for revising public health messaging around MPXV as well as outbreak management and control.
    2023-11-03Journal article Open access Show more
  • Urgent need for a non-discriminatory and non-stigmatizing nomenclature for monkeypox virus
    Publication . Happi, Christian; Adetifa, Ifedayo; Mbala, Placide; Njouom, Richard; Nakoune, Emmanuel; Happi, Anise; Ndodo, Nnaemeka; Ayansola, Oyeronke; Mboowa, Gerald; Bedford, Trevor; Neher, Richard A.; Roemer, Cornelius; Hodcroft, Emma; Tegally, Houriiyah; O’Toole, Áine; Rambaut, Andrew; Pybus, Oliver; Kraemer, Moritz U. G.; Wilkinson, Eduan; Isidro, Joana; Borges, Vítor; Pinto, Miguel; Gomes, João Paulo; Freitas, Lucas; Resende, Paola C.; Lee, Raphael T. C.; Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian; Baxter, Cheryl; Lessells, Richard; Ogwell, Ahmed E.; Kebede, Yenew; Tessema, Sofonias K.; de Oliveira, Tulio
    We propose a novel, non-discriminatory classification of monkeypox virus diversity. Together with the World Health Organization, we named three clades (I, IIa and IIb) in order of detection. Within IIb, the cause of the current global outbreak, we identified multiple lineages (A.1, A.2, A.1.1 and B.1) to support real-time genomic surveillance.
    2022-08-23Journal article Open access Show more