Browsing by Author "Adamovsky, Ondrej"
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- A critical review to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment of bisphenol A alternatives for human healthPublication . Mhaouty-Kodja, Sakina; Zalko, Daniel; Tait, Sabrina; Testai, Emanuela; Viguié, Catherine; Corsini, Emanuela; Grova, Nathalie; Buratti, Franca Maria; Cabaton, Nicolas J.; Coppola, Lucia; De la Vieja, Antonio; Dusinska, Maria; El Yamani, Naouale; Galbiati, Valentina; Iglesias-Hernández, Patricia; Kohl, Yvonne; Maddalon, Ambra; Marcon, Francesca; Naulé, Lydie; Rundén-Pran, Elise; Salani, Francesca; Santori, Nicoletta; Torres-Ruiz, Mónica; Turner, Jonathan D.; Adamovsky, Ondrej; Aiello-Holden, Kiara; Dirven, Hubert; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria JoãoBisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic chemical widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, has been associated with a variety of adverse effects in humans including metabolic, immunological, reproductive, and neurodevelopmental effects, raising concern about its health impact. In the EU, it has been classified as toxic to reproduction and as an endocrine disruptor and was thus included in the candidate list of substances of very high concern (SVHC). On this basis, its use has been banned or restricted in some products. As a consequence, industries turned to bisphenol alternatives, such as bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF), which are now found in various consumer products, as well as in human matrices at a global scale. However, due to their toxicity, these two bisphenols are in the process of being regulated. Other BPA alternatives, whose potential toxicity remains largely unknown due to a knowledge gap, have also started to be used in manufacturing processes. The gradual restriction of the use of BPA underscores the importance of understanding the potential risks associated with its alternatives to avoid regrettable substitutions. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the potential hazards related to BPA alternatives prioritized by European Regulatory Agencies based on their regulatory relevance and selected to be studied under the European Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC): BPE, BPAP, BPP, BPZ, BPS-MAE, and TCBPA. The focus is on data related to toxicokinetic, endocrine disruption, immunotoxicity, developmental neurotoxicity, and genotoxicity/carcinogenicity, which were considered the most relevant endpoints to assess the hazard related to those substances. The goal here is to identify the data gaps in BPA alternatives toxicology and hence formulate the future directions that will be taken in the frame of the PARC project, which seeks also to enhance chemical risk assessment methodologies using new approach methodologies (NAMs).
- Exploring BPA alternatives - Environmental levels and toxicity reviewPublication . Adamovsky, Ondrej; Groh, Ksenia J.; Białk-Bielińska, Anna; Escher, Beate I.; Beaudouin, R.; Mora Lagares, Liadys; Tollefsen, Knut Erik; Fenske, Martina; Mulkiewicz, Ewa; Creusot, Nicolas; Sosnowska, Anita; Loureiro, Susana; Beyer, Jonny; Repetto, Guillermo; Štern, Alja; Lopes, Isabel; Monteiro, Marta; Zikova-Kloas, Andrea; Eleršek, Tina; Vračko, Marjan; Zdybel, Szymon; Puzyn, Tomasz; Koczur, Weronika; Ebsen Morthorst, Jane; Holbech, Henrik; Carlsson, Gunnar; Örn, Stefan; Herrero, Óscar; Siddique, Ayesha; Liess, Matthias; Braun, Georg; Srebny, Vanessa; Žegura, Bojana; Hinfray, Nathalie; Brion, François; Knapen, Dries; Vandeputte, Ellen; Stinckens, Evelyn; Vergauwen, Lucia; Behrendt, Lars; Silva, Maria João; Blaha, Ludek; Kyriakopoulou, KaterinaBisphenol A alternatives are manufactured as potentially less harmful substitutes of bisphenol A (BPA) that offer similar functionality. These alternatives are already in the market, entering the environment and thus raising ecological concerns. However, it can be expected that levels of BPA alternatives will dominate in the future, they are limited information on their environmental safety. The EU PARC project highlights BPA alternatives as priority chemicals and consolidates information on BPA alternatives, with a focus on environmental relevance and on the identification of the research gaps. The review highlighted aspects and future perspectives. In brief, an extension of environmental monitoring is crucial, extending it to cover BPA alternatives to track their levels and facilitate the timely implementation of mitigation measures. The biological activity has been studied for BPA alternatives, but in a non-systematic way and prioritized a limited number of chemicals. For several BPA alternatives, the data has already provided substantial evidence regarding their potential harm to the environment. We stress the importance of conducting more comprehensive assessments that go beyond the traditional reproductive studies and focus on overlooked relevant endpoints. Future research should also consider mixture effects, realistic environmental concentrations, and the long-term consequences on biota and ecosystems.