Nunes, Ana BeatrizTeixeira, José PedroLeite, AndreiaSchäfer, WillemijnValli, ClaudiaMartínez-Nicolas, IsmaelPaixão, MargaridaSeyfulayeva, AysheAbelenda, Daniel TreviñoRodríguez, AnnaCarvalho, Pedro CasacaHeideveld-Chevalking, AnitaEmond, YvettePõlluste, KajaCalsbeek, HiskeArnal-Velasco, DanielŽaludek, AdamGarel, PascalWagner, CordulaGroene, OliverOrrego, CarolaSousa, PauloSAFEST Scientific Advisory GroupSAFEST Scientific Executive GroupSAFEST Consortium2026-05-222026-05-222026-03-02Int J Public Health. 2026 Mar 2:71:1609159. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2026.1609159. eCollection 20261661-8556http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/11310Objectives: To develop a consensus-based EU-wide Core Measure Set (CMS), including patient-reported measures, for evaluating perioperative patient safety in routine adult care. Methods: A four-phase approach was applied: 1) identification of candidate structure, process, and outcome measures through three literature reviews; 2) synthesis into an initial list via deduplication and merging; 3) consensus process using a two-round modified eDelphi technique, with subject-matter and lived-experienced experts rating the importance and feasibility of each measure (consensus: ≥75% rating 7–9, ≤15% rating 1–3), followed by an online Consensus Conference addressing measures highly valued by patients but lacking feasibility consensus; 4) refinement of the CMS for patient safety in perioperative care (CMS-PSPC). Results: Out of 9,717 records identified, 340 studies were included, yielding 1,305 measures. After refinement, 247 measures were consolidated; 84 reached consensus, and ten more were added via the Consensus Conference. The final CMS-PSPC comprised 76 measures: 22 outcome, 18 process, and 36 structure measures. Conclusion: The CMS-PSPC provides a standardised, patient-centred framework for evaluating, monitoring and benchmarking perioperative patient safety in routine clinical care, supporting EU-wide quality improvement efforts.engPatient SafetyPerioperative CareCore Measure SetCore Outcome SetQuality IndicatorsPerformance MeasuresOutcome AssessmentRoutine Care EvaluationCuidados de Saúdejournal article10.3389/ijph.2026.16091591661-856441847418