Beleza, JorgeStevanović-Silva, JelenaCoxito, PedroRocha, HugoSantos, PauloAscensão, AntónioRamon Torrella, JoanMagalhães, José2023-03-082023-03-082022-04-01Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 1;23(7):3916. doi: 10.3390/ijms230739161661-6596http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/8547This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeting Mitochondria in Metabolic Diseases 2.0.Mothers' antenatal strategies to improve the intrauterine environment can positively decrease pregnancy-derived intercurrences. By challenging the mother-fetus unit, gestational exercise (GE) favorably modulates deleterious stimuli, such as high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet-induced adverse consequences for offspring. We aimed to analyze whether GE alters maternal HFHS-consumption effects on male offspring's maximal workload performance (MWP) and in some skeletal muscle (the soleus-SOL and the tibialis anterior-TA) biomarkers associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative fitness. Infant male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental groups according to mothers' dietary and/or exercise conditions: offspring of sedentary control diet-fed or HFHS-fed mothers (C-S or HFHS-S, respectively) and of exercised HFHS-fed mothers (HFHS-E). Although maternal HFHS did not significantly alter MWP, offspring from GE dams exhibited increased MWP. Lower SOL AMPk levels in HFHS-S were reverted by GE. SOL PGC-1α, OXPHOS C-I and C-IV subunits remained unaltered by maternal diet, although increased in HFHS-E offspring. Additionally, GE prevented maternal diet-related SOL miR-378a overexpression, while upregulated miR-34a expression. Decreased TA C-IV subunit expression in HFHS-S was reverted in HFHS-E, concomitantly with the downregulation of miR-338. In conclusion, GE in HFHS-fed dams increases the offspring's MWP, which seems to be associated with the intrauterine modulation of SM mitochondrial density and functional markers.engMitochondriaMaternal ExerciseEpigeneticsPregnancyMicroRNAsGeneticsMetabolic DiseasesDoenças Genéticasjournal article10.3390/ijms23073916